How does an infertility specialist in Lahore diagnose the root cause of infertility in couples

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Infertility is a deeply emotional and challenging experience for couples hoping to build a family. When months or years pass without success, seeking professional help becomes essential. 

Infertility is not just a female problem; it affects both men and women equally. A skilled infertility specialist evaluates both partners using a variety of diagnostic tools to uncover the underlying cause and create a tailored treatment plan.

1. Initial Consultation and Medical History

The diagnostic journey begins with a detailed consultation.

The infertility specialist will:

  • Ask how long the couple has been trying to conceive

  • Inquire about menstrual history, ovulation patterns, and previous pregnancies

  • Assess lifestyle factors like smoking, alcohol use, and stress

  • Review any previous surgeries, illnesses, or STIs

  • Discuss sexual habits and frequency of intercourse

  • Consider family history of reproductive issues

Why it matters:
A comprehensive history helps the doctor identify red flags and decide on the necessary diagnostic steps.

2. Physical Examination of Both Partners

A complete physical exam is vital for identifying any obvious physical issues.

For women:

  • Pelvic exam to check for abnormalities in the uterus or ovaries

  • BMI assessment and signs of hormonal imbalance like acne or excess hair

For men:

  • Examination of the testes for size, position, or signs of varicocele

  • Prostate evaluation if needed

These findings provide initial clues about potential fertility obstacles.

3. Semen Analysis for Male Fertility

Semen analysis is one of the first and most important diagnostic steps for the male partner.

This test checks:

  • Sperm count – Are there enough sperm?

  • Motility – Are the sperm moving properly?

  • Morphology – Are the sperm shaped correctly?

  • Volume and pH level – Is the ejaculate normal?

The results may reveal conditions such as low sperm count, poor motility, or abnormal sperm shape—all of which affect fertility.

In some cases, repeated tests are needed to confirm accuracy.

4. Hormonal Testing in Women

Hormones play a crucial role in ovulation, egg maturation, and menstrual regulation. A fertility specialist in Lahore will usually request blood tests to assess hormone levels, such as:

  • FSH (Follicle-Stimulating Hormone): Indicates ovarian reserve

  • LH (Luteinizing Hormone): Assists in ovulation

  • Estradiol: Reflects ovarian function

  • AMH (Anti-Müllerian Hormone): Helps measure egg reserve

  • Prolactin: High levels can prevent ovulation

  • TSH (Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone): Thyroid dysfunction may affect periods and fertility

  • Insulin and Testosterone: Checked in women suspected of PCOS

These values help determine if ovulation is occurring normally or if hormonal imbalances exist.

5. Ovulation Tracking

For women, confirming ovulation is key. Specialists use several methods:

  • Transvaginal Ultrasound: Monitors follicle development and ovulation timing

  • Blood Progesterone Test: Confirms ovulation has occurred

  • LH Surge Testing: Identifies the optimal time for conception or treatment

If no ovulation is detected, the condition is called anovulation, a common cause of female infertility.

6. Ultrasound Scans

Ultrasound imaging is crucial to visually assess the female reproductive organs.

It helps diagnose:

  • Ovarian cysts or PCOS

  • Uterine fibroids or polyps

  • Endometrial lining thickness

  • Structural abnormalities like a septate uterus

  • Hydrosalpinx (fluid in the fallopian tubes)

Transvaginal ultrasounds provide clear, real-time images for accurate diagnosis and treatment planning.

7. Hysterosalpingography (HSG)

HSG is an X-ray procedure that examines the uterus and fallopian tubes.

During the test:

  • A contrast dye is injected through the cervix

  • X-rays track the dye’s flow to see if tubes are open or blocked

  • Uterine shape and lining are also assessed

Blocked fallopian tubes are a common cause of infertility and must be identified before planning treatment.

8. Diagnostic Laparoscopy and Hysteroscopy

If imaging tests are inconclusive or suggest complications, minimally invasive surgical procedures may be recommended.

  • Laparoscopy: Allows direct visualization of the ovaries, uterus, and fallopian tubes. It can detect endometriosis, adhesions, or tubal damage.

  • Hysteroscopy: Involves inserting a small camera through the cervix into the uterus to inspect the uterine lining for fibroids, septum, or scarring.

Both procedures can also treat conditions immediately if detected.

9. Genetic Testing

In some cases, especially after multiple failed treatments or miscarriages, genetic testing may be advised.

These tests help diagnose:

  • Chromosomal abnormalities

  • Genetic mutations linked to infertility

  • Karyotype analysis for both partners

  • Y chromosome microdeletion in men with no sperm (azoospermia)

Understanding genetic factors is essential for planning future pregnancies and treatment options like IVF or ICSI.

10. Advanced Sperm Function Tests

When semen analysis appears normal but pregnancy isn’t achieved, advanced sperm tests may be done:

  • Sperm DNA Fragmentation Test: Assesses sperm DNA integrity

  • Reactive Oxygen Species Test: Identifies oxidative stress in sperm

  • MAR or Immunobead Test: Detects antisperm antibodies

These specialized tests offer deeper insight into unexplained male infertility cases.

11. Unexplained Infertility

In 10–20% of couples, all tests may appear normal. This is called unexplained infertility. In such cases, the specialist may recommend:

  • Timed intercourse

  • IUI (Intrauterine Insemination)

  • IVF (In Vitro Fertilization)

The decision is based on the couple’s age, history, and emotional readiness for treatment.

Why Choose a Certified Infertility Specialist in Lahore?

A trained infertility specialist in Lahore not only performs these diagnostic tests but also provides emotional support and structured treatment plans.

Look for a center that offers:

  • Board-certified specialists

  • In-house diagnostic labs

  • Ultrasound and imaging services

  • Experience with IUI, IVF, and ICSI

  • Transparent communication and counseling

  • Support for both local and international patients

Final Thoughts

Diagnosing infertility is a step-by-step process that involves both partners and a variety of tests. Every couple’s situation is unique, and a skilled infertility specialist knows how to tailor the evaluation and treatment accordingly.

Early diagnosis saves time, reduces emotional stress, and increases the chances of successful pregnancy. If you and your partner are struggling to conceive, don’t hesitate to consult a qualified expert who can guide you with care, precision, and hope.

A trusted infertility specialist in Lahore  can be your first step toward parenthood with expert diagnosis and a personalized treatment plan designed just for you.

For More Details: https://acimc.org/ivf-lahore/

Location: 116, Babar Block Barkat Market, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan

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